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We are drawn to details that confirm our own existing beliefs

Observer–expectancy effect

Description

A form of reactivity in which a researcher's cognitive bias causes them to subconsciously influence the participants of an experiment. (Also Experimenter's bias, Observer effect, Expectation bias)

Observer–expectancy effect in business decision

In a performance review, if a manager expects an employee to be defensive, they might phrase questions in a way that inadvertently elicits defensiveness, confirming their expectation.

Observer–expectancy effect in personal life decision

When you expect your friend's cat to be shy, you interpret its cautious behavior as proof, ignoring times it's playful.